The project team is in the process of Estimating Activity Resources, and the activities provided as options (b) and (c) are done as part of this process. Identify and show network dependency in the project activities - Correct Option: D Study the organization policies and procedures regarding staffingĭ. Go through the past data and lessons learned from previous projectsĬ. Estimate the type and quantity of resource required to perform each activityī. ich of the following activities will NOT be done by the team during this process?Ī. PMP Certification Latest Fall 2022 Exam Bank_ answers correct & explained.Ī project team is in the process of estimating the types and quantities of resources required to perform each activity. Enter this in cell C11 of the "Inputs" worksheet of the "Real Options" spreadsheet.PMP Certification Latest Fall 2022 Exam Bank_ answers correct & explained. In our case study, we assumed the S/X of Shopify's real option equaled 75%. In this scenario, the NPV of the project at the time of decision is positive. In this scenario, the NPV of the project at the time of decision is negative. In this scenario, the net present value (NPV) of the project at the time of decision is zero. Various potential project values (S/X) equate to different scenarios for the profitability of the project created if and when a company exercises its real option to enter a new business: The denominator of this metric (X) equals the onetime incremental investment required to exercise the option at the time of exercise.
The numerator of this metric (S) equals the present value of the project's expected free cash flow. Enter this in cell C10 of the "Inputs" worksheet of the "Real Options" spreadsheet.Ĩ. We estimated Shopify's volatility to be 50%. This measures the potential variability of a project's future value. Enter this in cell C9 of the "Inputs" worksheet of the "Real Options" spreadsheet.ħ.
This is the interest rate on short-term government debt. Enter this in cell C8 of the "Inputs" worksheet of the "Real Options" spreadsheet.Ħ. As of September, 2020, we estimated that Shopify's real options had a life of 3 years. The life of a real option is the length of time that a company can defer an investment decision without losing an opportunity. Enter this in cell C7 of the "Inputs" worksheet of the "Real Options" spreadsheet.ĥ. Shopify had 113 million shares outstanding. Enter this in cell C6 of the "Inputs" worksheet of the "Real Options" spreadsheet.Ĥ.
By estimating Shopify's operating value drivers and other value determinants, our case study estimates that the market valued Shopify's existing businesses at $800.00 a share. Enter this in cell C5 of the "Inputs" worksheet of the "Real Options" spreadsheet.ģ. Shopify's share price as of Septemequaled $900.00. Enter this in cell C4 of the "Inputs" worksheet of the "Real Options" spreadsheet.Ģ. To get started, we need to enter the following eight inputs into the spreadsheet:ġ. What Inputs Do We Need For These Calculations?
Readers who want to apply real options tools may wish to download the accompanying spreadsheet. We use the case of Shopify, Inc., as of September, 2020, which is developed in Chapter 8 of the book as the guide for this online tutorial. We can also estimate the size of the investment expenditure required to exercise the real options. We can estimate how large the potential project value has to be to justify the imputed real-options value. Project value and investment expenditure. This tool allows us to calculate the real options value implied by the difference between the market's valuation of a company and the value of a company's existing businesses. Specifically, we walk through the following real options analytical tools:
In this online tutorial, we show how to apply real options valuation techniques to increase the power of expectations investing. We can value opportunities with real options techniques. Just as a financial option gives its owner the right, but not the obligation, to buy or sell a security at a given price, companies that make strategic investments have the right, but not the obligation, to take advantage of opportunities in the future. Real options capture the value of uncertain growth opportunities.
For companies with a high degree of uncertainty, the stock price is the sum of discounted cash flow value-representing the existing businesses-plus real options value. The discounted cash flow model is all you need to estimate the expectations for most businesses. Online Tutorial #10: How Do You Assess The Value of A Company's Real Options?